This document was printed from the website of the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare (CEBC), which you can access at http://www.cachildwelfareclearinghouse.org/
This document was printed from the website of the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare (CEBC), which you can access at http://www.cachildwelfareclearinghouse.org/
Type of Maltreatment: Emotional abuse, Exposure to domestic violence, Physical abuse, Physical neglect, and Sexual abuse
Target Population: Prospective foster and adoptive families in both public and private agencies.
Brief Description:
Partnering for Safety and Permanence – Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) has been rated by the CEBC in the area of Placement Stabilization. PS-MAPP is a 30-hour preparation and selection program for prospective foster and adoptive parents. PS-MAPP was the first comprehensive preparation and selection program for foster and/or adoptive parents to be developed since the passage of the Adoption and Safe Families Act in 1997. PS-MAPP was created out of consultations with the National Foster Parent Association Board of Directors and out of years of experience with the MAPP (Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting) family of programs.
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ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT TOOLS OF PS-MAPP
Because PS-MAPP is both a preparation and selection program, it includes the following family and individual assessment and development tools. Descriptions of the PS-Mapp Family Profile, EcoMap, Family Map, and Strengths Approach-Strength/Needs Assessment tools are in the Homework section of this program entry. A description of the PS-MAPP components follows:
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) was designed to be conducted in a group.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) has not been tested for use in a group setting.
The recommended group size is: No more than 20 participants.
Recommended intensity: The program is optimally conducted in weekly 3-hour training meetings. Additionally, a minimum of two family consultations are conducted with each prospective family. Family consultations are generally conducted in 2 to 3 hours, depending upon the size and needs of the family, as well as state and local policies and regulations.
Recommended duration: During the 10 sequential weeks of the program, leaders have direct contact through group sessions and family consultations at least 12 times.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) includes a homework component.
Description: PS-MAPP Family Profile: Completed by the members of a prospective resource family, the PS-MAPP Family Profile describes and assesses the prospective family’s strengths and needs in the family’s own words.
Eco Map: The Eco Map, which was created by Ann Hartman, describes and assesses the family’s sources and expenditures of energy. Each family completes an Eco Map. The Eco Map, also called a sociogram, which was created by Ann Hartman, is a visual assessment tool depicting the relationships between a family and its social network. As the name signifies, therapist and client together map out connections between the family and its ecological environment.
Family Map: The Family Map, which was created by John Williams, describes and assesses the family’s boundary, power, and authority systems.
Strengths Approach - Strengths/Needs Assessments: The program utilizes the Strengths Approach to family assessment and development. The Strengths Approach helps the PS-MAPP Leader and the family to focus on strengths related to the critical skills required of foster parents and to frame problems or challenges, as professional development needs. Both PS-MAPP Leaders and prospective resource parents are responsible for assessing strengths and needs.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) is typically conducted in a(n): Community Agency and Community Daily Living Settings.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) was not designed with a Parent Component.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) was not designed with a Child Component.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) was not developed for children with developmental delays.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) has not been tested for children with developmental delays.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) was not designed for specific racial/ethnic/cultural groups.
Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) was not tested in specific racial/ethnic/cultural groups.
There is a manual that describes how to implement this program.
There is training available for Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP).
Training contact: Elizabeth Skidmore, M.B.A. Executive Vice President, Business and Leadership Development, Kids Hope United/Child Welfare Institute, www.gocwi.org
Number of days/hours: Eight 6-hour training days to certify leaders
Training is obtained: Provided onsite
There currently are not additional qualified resources for training.
The typical resources for implementing Partnering for Safety and Permanence - Model Approach to Partnerships in Parenting (PS-MAPP) are: Room for up to 20 people sitting in a circle or U-shape. Training requires newsprints, newsprint stands, DVD player and monitor, as well as supplies outlined in the trainer and leader’s guides.
Certification in the MAPP program.
Puddy, R.W. & Jackson, Y. (2003). The development of parenting skills in foster parent training. Children and Youth Services Review, 25 (12), 987-1013.
The study compared 62 prospective foster parents who received MAPP/GPS training with 20 prospective foster parents who did not receive the training. Participants completed a measure assessing knowledge of MAPP’s 12 goals, the Parenting Skills Questionnaire, and a parenting behavior questionnaire adapted from the SOS Help for Parents video. Results for within-group tests showed pre- to posttest improvement on all measures for the MAPP group. However, MAPP parents differed from untrained parents on only a few outcome variables at post-test. Limitations of the study included possible non-equivalence between comparison groups and lack of control over the consistency of training across MAPP instructors.
Lee, J. H., & Holland, T.P. (1991). Evaluating the effectiveness of foster parent training. Research on Social Work Practice, 1(2), 162-174.
Participants were 17 persons who had applied to become foster parents, recruited with the cooperation of MAPP and the Georgia Department of Human Resources. The comparison group was 12 members of the Clarke County Foster Parents Association. Training was conducted by staff with Master’s degrees in Social Work at the Division of Family and Children’s Services who were certified MAPP trainers. Outcomes were measured by four scales of the Adolescent/Adult Parenting Inventory, which is used as a screening tool for foster parents. The subscales were 1) developmental expectations 2) value on physical punishment, 3) parent-child roles, and 4) empathy toward child’s needs. No statistically significant differences were found between groups on any scale. There were also no differences in scores for the training group when entry scores were compared with scores taken at the completion of the training.
There are no reference articles published to date.
Contact name: Elizabeth Skidmore, M.B.A.
Affiliation/Agency: Kids Hope United/Child Welfare Institute
Email: bskidmore@gocwi.org
Phone: 312-949-5623
Fax: 312-922-6736